Robust watermarking with oblivious detection is essential to practical copyright protection of digital images. Effective exploitation of the characteristics of human visual perception to color stimuli helps to develop the watermarking scheme that fills the requirement. In this paper, an oblivious watermarking scheme that embeds color watermarks in color images is proposed. Through color gamut analysis and quantizer design, color watermarks are embedded by modifying quantization indices of color pixels without resulting in perceivable distortion. Only a small amount of information including the specification of color gamut, quantizer stepsize, and color tables is required to extract the watermark. Experimental results show that the proposed watermarking scheme is computationally simple and quite robust in face of various attacks such as cropping, low-pass filtering, white-noise addition, scaling, and JPEG compression with high compression ratios.
This article is part of the series Multimedia Signal Processing.
Research Article Embedding Color Watermarks in Color Images
1 Department of Electrical Engineering, Tatung University, 40 Chungshan North Road, 3rd Section, Taipei 104, Taiwan
2 Opto-Electronics & System Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing 2003, 2003:548941 doi:10.1155/S1110865703211227
The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at: http://asp.eurasipjournals.com/content/2003/1/548941
| Received: | 17 May 2002 |
| Revisions received: | 4 October 2002 |
| Published: | 30 January 2003 |
© 2003 Copyright © 2003 Hindawi Publishing Corporation
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