Abstract
Box-Benkhen
design response-surface methodology was developed to optimise photo-Fenton degradation of carbofuran (C
12H
15NO
3) by using a compound parabolic collector pilot plant. The four variables considered in Box-Benkhen design model included carbofuran degradation percentage, initial carbofuran concentration, hydrogen peroxide [H
2O
2] concentration and iron [Fe
2+] concentration. Degradation was monitored by using total organic carbon concentration and high-performance liquid chromatography. A 93.2 mg l
-1 carbofuran concentration was completely degraded in t
30W = 15 min with 17.1 mg l
-1 Fe
2+ and 121.6 mg l
-1 H
2O
2. Photo-Fenton degradation led to 76.7% mineralisation. Biodegradability during optimisation was evaluated by using the BOD
5/COD ratio; this value increased from 0.04 at the beginning of the process to 0.52 in t
30W = 20 min, thereby showing the effectiveness of using biological treatments.
Keywords
Pesticide; carbofuran; photo-Fenton; biodegradability; Box-Benkhen design