Applied Physics Research 
The Hydration of Heavy Metal Salts Admixtured High Alumina Cement – A X-Ray Diffraction Study
Abstract
The XRD, Setting time and Compressive strength results of the hydration of High Alumina Cement (HAC) with
different concentrations of Cr, Cd, Pb, Zn and Mg as impurities are presented. The heavy metal salts are doped from
100 to 15000ppm in various steps. The hydration products are investigated both qualitatively and quantitatively by
X-ray powder diffraction. The initial, final setting time and strength of heavy metal salts doped HAC, which are
measured and compared with the phases at different time intervals are discussed. The results show that various
concentrations of heavy metal salts doped HAC can play an effective role in conversion reactions (i.e.) from metastable
to stable hydrates imparting setting time and strength. It is observed that a lower concentration of industrial waste metal
ions do not affect the characteristics of the blend.
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Applied Physics Research ISSN 1916-9639 (Print) ISSN 1916-9647 (Online)
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