ABSTRACT
Typhoid fever (TF) is an acute systemic infection caused by Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Para Typhi A and Salmonella Para Typhi B. It is transmitted by the fecal oral route mainly via contaminated food and water. The developing countries have high rate of morbidity and mortality due to Typhoid fever, epidemics take place in developed world also. There are increased incidences of multi drug resistant in S. typhi strains that has further complicated its management and only a few antibiotics are now effective in treatment of typhoid. We report that the aqueous extracts of fruit peel Citrus sinensis (L.) confer anti typhoid activity against Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Para Typhi A and Salmonella Para Typhi B respectively on comparison with ciprofloxacin.
Key words: Typhoid fever, Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Para Typhi A , Salmonella Para Typhi B, anti typhoid activity, Citrus sinensis.
Typhoid fever (TF) is an acute systemic infection caused by Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Para Typhi A and Salmonella Para Typhi B. It is transmitted by the fecal oral route mainly via contaminated food and water. The developing countries have high rate of morbidity and mortality due to Typhoid fever, epidemics take place in developed world also. There are increased incidences of multi drug resistant in S. typhi strains that has further complicated its management and only a few antibiotics are now effective in treatment of typhoid. We report that the aqueous extracts of fruit peel Citrus sinensis (L.) confer anti typhoid activity against Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Para Typhi A and Salmonella Para Typhi B respectively on comparison with ciprofloxacin.
Key words: Typhoid fever, Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Para Typhi A , Salmonella Para Typhi B, anti typhoid activity, Citrus sinensis.
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ABSTRACT
The development of potent, selective and orally bioactive Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (DPP4) inhibitors is the real challenge for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus. Several DPP4 inhibitors are in last-stage of clinical trials, however potential side effects are associated with them may results from other prolyldipeptidases of DPP4 include DPP8 and DPP9. Currently, the crystal structure of DPP4 is available, which is used to build homology models of DPP8 and DPP9 to understand the key residues in their active site for the design of selective DPP4 inhibitors. Further, the docking studies have been performed with potent, selective DPP4 inhibitors such as Sitagliptin, Saxagliptin and Vildagliptin with the aim of explaining the differences in activity and selectivity.
Key words: DPP4, DPP8, DPP9, Homology modeling and Docking.
The development of potent, selective and orally bioactive Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (DPP4) inhibitors is the real challenge for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus. Several DPP4 inhibitors are in last-stage of clinical trials, however potential side effects are associated with them may results from other prolyldipeptidases of DPP4 include DPP8 and DPP9. Currently, the crystal structure of DPP4 is available, which is used to build homology models of DPP8 and DPP9 to understand the key residues in their active site for the design of selective DPP4 inhibitors. Further, the docking studies have been performed with potent, selective DPP4 inhibitors such as Sitagliptin, Saxagliptin and Vildagliptin with the aim of explaining the differences in activity and selectivity.
Key words: DPP4, DPP8, DPP9, Homology modeling and Docking.
Article No 15
February - 2011 / Volume - 2 / Issue - 12 /Article No - 15 / Research Article
HOMOLOGY MODELING AND MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES OF HUMAN DPP8 AND DPP9
S. Janardhan1*, Dr. Y. Padmanabha Reddy1
1Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education
& Research (RIPER), Anantapur,
Andhrapradesh, India- 515721.
Email:sridharajanardhan@gmail.com
February - 2011 / Volume - 2 / Issue - 12 /Article No - 15 / Research Article
HOMOLOGY MODELING AND MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES OF HUMAN DPP8 AND DPP9
S. Janardhan1*, Dr. Y. Padmanabha Reddy1
1Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education
& Research (RIPER), Anantapur,
Andhrapradesh, India- 515721.
Email:sridharajanardhan@gmail.com
S. Janardhan
February - 2011 / Volume - 2/Issue - 12
( Total Articles =25 )
( Total Articles =25 )
February 2011 Issue